ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠤ᠌ ᠪᠣᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ᠌ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠡᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠢᠡᠭᠬᠢᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ᠂ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨᠳᠡ 1887 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠦᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ 0.8% ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭ᠌ᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠍᠂ ᠪᠤᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ 98% ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭ᠌ᠰᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠍ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠱᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠳᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠴᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠴᠤ᠌᠂ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠰᠭᠣ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳᠡ 180 — 190 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠰᠴᠤ᠌᠂ ᠵᠢᠱ᠌ᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ᠌ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢ 390 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠢᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠱᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠢᠪᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 32 ᠲᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠷᠳᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ 57 ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠦᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠦᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃
ᠣᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 500 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭ᠌ᠰᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠫᠧᠩ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠱᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡ 1.75 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠱᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭ᠌ᠰᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠫᠧᠩ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠤ᠌ ᠪᠣᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠤᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ 《ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭ᠌ᠰᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ》 ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃
ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠭᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ᠌ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠳᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ᠌ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃